Microglia are the primary immune cells in the central nervous system (CNS)  and play a crucial role in maintaining neuronal homeostasis and synaptic plasticity for normal brain development, neuronal function, and inflammatory responses. Microglia have also been implicated in the pathogenesis of several neurological disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease. The differentiation of iPSCs to microglia provide a steady source of primary microglia-like cells without the sourcing issues associated with primary microglia. These cells are an excellent physiologically relevant research model for studying immune response mechanisms in the brain, for understanding neuronal function, and for disease modeling.